Learning Outcomes Assessment

 

Department of Kinesiology and Health

M.S. Program in Exercise Science

2004 - 2005

 

Learning Outcome

Type Of Assessment

Projected

Achievement

Actual

Achievement

4.11.0 Knowledge and skills necessary to identify resting and exercise ECG changes associated with the following abnormalities: Bundle branch blocks and bifascicular blocks, Atrioventricular blocks, Sinus bradycardia and tachycardia, Sinus arrest, Supraventricular premature contractions and tachycardia, Ventricular premature contractions (including frequency, form, couplets, salvos, tachycardia), Atrial flutter and fibrillation, Ventricular fibrillation, Myocardial ischemia, injury, and infarction

Written Exam and Oral arrhythmia exam

90%

100%

4.11.1 Knowledge and skills necessary to define the limits or considerations for initiating and terminating exercise testing or training based on the ECG abnormalities listed above.

Written Exam and GXT practical exam

90%

100%

4.11.2 Knowledge and skills necessary to identify myocardial ischemia, injury, and infarction.

Case Studies, Written Exam

90%

100%

4.11.3 Knowledge and skills necessary to identify cardiac arrhythmias and conduction defects during exercise.

Oral arrhythmia exam, written exam

90%

100%

4.11.3.1 Knowledge of the potential causes of various cardiac arrhythmias.

Written exam

90%

100%

4.11.3.2 Knowledge of the significance of arrhythmia occurrence during rest, exercise, and recovery.

Practical exam

GXT practical, oral arrhythmia exam,

90%

90%

100%

100%

4.11.3.4 Knowledge of appropriate procedures in the event of such arrhythmias or conduction defects.

Practical exam

Written exam, oral arrhythmia exam, GXT practical

90%

90%

100%

100%

4.11.4 Knowledge of the important ECG patterns at rest and during exercise in healthy persons and in patients with cardiovascular, pulmonary, and metabolic diseases.

Written exam, oral arrhythmia exam, GXT practical

90%

100%

4.11.5 Knowledge of the indications and methods for ECG monitoring during exercise testing and during exercise sessions.

Practical exam Written Exam, GXT practical

90%

90%

100%

100%

4.11.6 Knowledge of the causes and means of reducing false positive and false negative exercise ECG responses.

Written Exam

90%

100%

4.11.7 Knowledge of ECG patterns and responses of pacemakers and programmable cardioverter defibrillators.

Written Exam, case studies

90%

100%

4.1.0 Knowledge of anatomy as it relates to exercise testing and programming. Knowledge of coronary anatomy.  Knowledge of basic joint movements, muscle actions, and points of insertions as it relates to exercise programming.

Exam

Written exam, GXT practical,

75%

90%

100%

100%

4.1.1 Knowledge of the biomechanical factors associated with various disease states, neuromuscular disorders, and orthopedic limitations.  Knowledge of common gait abnormalities as they relate to exercise testing and programming.  Knowledge of neuromuscular disorders (e.g., Parkinson's disease, multiple sclerosis) as they relate to modifications of exercise testing and programming.  Knowledge of orthopedic limitations (e.g., gout, foot drop, specific joint problems) as they relate to modifications of exercise testing and programming.

Exam

 

75%

 

100%

 

4.2.0 Knowledge of exercise physiology as it relates to exercise testing and training. Knowledge of acute and chronic adaptations to exercise for apparently healthy individuals (low risk) and for those with cardiovascular, pulmonary, and metabolic diseases. Knowledge of activities that are primarily aerobic and anaerobic. Knowledge of the unique hemodynamic responses of arm versus leg exercise and of static versus dynamic exercise. Knowledge of the determinants of myocardial oxygen consumption and the effects of exercise training on those determinants.

Written exam,

Lab

Exam

 

75%

75%

75%

100%

100%

100%

4.3.0 Knowledge of selecting appropriate testing and training modalities according to the age and functional capacity of the individual.

Exam, case studies

Exam

75%

75%

75%

100%

100%

100%

4.4.2 Knowledge of the common procedures used for radionuclide imaging (e.g., thallium, technetium, sestamibi, single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT), planar).

Exam

 

75%

100%

4.4.5 Knowledge of the differences between typical, atypical, and vasospastic angina.

Exam

 

75%

100%

4.4.6 Knowledge of the pathophysiology of the healing myocardium and the potential complications after acute myocardial infarction (MI) (extension, expansion, rupture)

Exam

 

75%

100%

4.4.7 Knowledge of the purpose of coronary angiography.

Exam

 

75%

100%

4.4.8 Knowledge of the indications for use of streptokinase, tissue plasminogen activase, and other thrombolytic agents.

Exam

 

75%

100%

4.4.16 Knowledge of the effects of variation in ambient temperature, humidity, carbon dioxide, ozone, and altitude on functional capacity for normal individuals and those with cardiovascular, pulmonary, and metabolic diseases.

Written Exam

 

Exam

 

75% scoring at or above 80% on exam

75%

100% of students scored above 80%

100%

4.5.4 Knowledge of the psychological issues associated with an acute cardiac event versus those associated with chronic cardiac conditions.

Exam

 

75%

100%

4.5.5 Knowledge of the psychological stages involved with the acceptance of death and dying and ability to recognize when it is necessary for a psychological consult or referral to a professional resource.

Exam

 

75%

100%

4.6.0 Knowledge and skills necessary for interpreting medical history and physical examination findings as they relate to health appraisal and exercise testing.

Case studies, practical exam

Exam

Written exam, case studies

75%

90%

100%

100%

100%

4.6.1 Knowledge and skills necessary to conduct pretest procedures.

Practical exam

GXT practical, case studies

90%

90%

100%

100%

4.6.1.1 Knowledge of basic equipment and facility requirements for exercise testing.

Written exam, GXT practical

90%

100%

4.6.1.7 Knowledge of the absolute and relative contraindications to an exercise test.

Written exam, GXT practical

90%

100%

4.6.2.2 Knowledge of procedures and protocols for the exercise test, including the selection of the exercise test protocol in terms of modes of exercise, starting levels, increments of work, ramping versus standard protocols, length of stages, and frequency of measures.

Practical exam, case studies

Written exam, GXT practical

90%

90%

100%

100%

4.6.2.3 Knowledge of appropriate techniques of measurement of physiological and subjective responses (e.g., symptoms, ECG, blood pressure, heart rate, RPE and other scales, oxygen saturation, and oxygen consumption measures) at appropriate intervals during the test.

Practical Exam

Practical Exam, GXT practical, written exam

75% of class scoring at or above 90% on practical exam

75%

100% of class scored at or above 90%

100%

4.6.2.4 Knowledge of how age, weight, level of fitness, and health status are considered in the selection of an exercise test protocol.

Written exam, case studies

90%

100%

4.6.2.5 Knowledge of the technical factors that may indicate test termination (e.g., loss of ECG signal, loss of power).

Exam

GXT practical, written exam

75%

90%

100%

100%

4.6.2.6 Knowledge of the clinical factors that may indicate test termination (e.g., termination criteria).

GXT practical, written exam

90%

100%

4.6.2.7 Knowledge of immediate postexercise procedures and ability to list various approaches to cool-down.

GXT practical, written exam

90%

100%

4.6.3 Knowledge and skills necessary to interpret the exercise test.

Exam

Written exam, case studies

75%

90%

100%

100%

4.6.3.0 Knowledge of the prognostic implications of the exercise ECG and hemodynamic responses in light of the current medication status of the participant as well as any comorbidities.

Exam

Written exam, GXT practical

75%

90%

100%

100%

4.6.4 Knowledge and skills necessary for administering an exercise test with special populations or test considerations.

Exam

Written exam, GXT practical

75%

90%

100%

100%

4.6.4.1 Knowledge of exercise testing procedures for various clinical populations including those individuals with cardiovascular, pulmonary, and metabolic diseases in terms of exercise modality, protocol, physiological measurements, and expected outcomes.

Exam

Written exam

75%

90%

100%

100%

4.6.4.2 Knowledge of the appropriate end points for exercise testing for various clinical populations.

Exam

 

75%

100%

4.6.4.4 Knowledge of techniques for measurement of oxygen consumption at appropriate intervals during an exercise test for special populations (e.g., congestive heart failure, valvular heart disease, coronary artery disease).

Exam

 

75%

100%

4.6.4.6 Knowledge of the differences in test protocol and procedures when the exercise test involves the addition of various methodologies to increase the sensitivity and/or specificity of the test, such as radionuclide imaging or echocardiography.

Written exam

90%

100%

4.6.4.7 Knowledge of testing procedures and protocol for children and the elderly with or without various clinical conditions.

Exam

Written exam

75%

90%

100%

100%

4.6.5 Knowledge in recognizing medications commonly encountered during exercise testing and training and knowledge of the indications and effects on the ECG, heart rate, and blood pressure at rest and during exercise.  Antianginals, Antihypertensives, Antiarrythmics, Bronchodilators, Hypoglycemics, Psychotropics, Vasodilators, Anticoagulant and antiplatelet drugs (warfarin, aspirin, ticlopidine, clopidogrel, etc.), Lipid-lowering agents

Exam

Written exam, case studies

75%

90%

100%

100%

4.6.6 Knowledge and ability to administer and interpret basic resting spirometric tests and measures including forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1.0), FVC, and MVV.

Written exam

Lab

75%

80%

100%

83%

4.7.0 Knowledge in responding with appropriate emergency procedures to situations which might arise before, during, and after administration of an exercise test and/or exercise session.

GXT practical, Written exam

90%

100%

4.7.2 Knowledge of verifying operating status of and maintaining emergency equipment.

Written exam, GXT practical

90%

100%

4.8.0 Knowledge of the implications (benefits versus risks) of exercise for individuals with CAD risk factors and for individuals with established stable cardiovascular, pulmonary, metabolic, and/or orthopedic disorders.

Exam

 

75%

100%

4.8.1 Knowledge, skills, and abilities necessary to establish and supervise individualized exercise prescriptions based on medical information and exercise test data, including intensity, duration, frequency, progression, precautions, and type of physical activity for a variety of chronic disease and disability conditions, including, but not limited to: CAD/MI, PTCA/stent, CHF, Heart transplantation, COPD, Asthma, Bronchitis, Stroke/TIA, Diabetes, Hypertension, Obesity, Renal disease/transplantation, Common orthopedic and neuromuscular conditions

Exam

 

75%

100%

4.8.3 Knowledge of basic mechanisms of action of medications that may affect exercise testing and the exercise prescription, including: b-Adrenergic blockers, Diuretics, Calcium channel blockers, Antihypertensives, Antihistamines, Antihyperglycemics, Psychotropics, Alcohol, Diet pills, Cold tablets, Caffeine, Nicotine

Exam

 

75%

100%

4.8.6 Knowledge in the design of a strength and flexibility program for the following individuals or groups: Cardiovascular disease, pulmonary disease, metabolic disease, or musculoskeletal disorders, Elderly, Children

Case studies

Exam

75%

75%

100%

100%

4.8.9 Knowledge of the relative and absolute contraindications to exercise training as related to the current health status of the patient.

Case studies, practical exam

Exam

 

75%

75%

100%

100%

4.8.13 Knowledge of the concept of Activities of Daily Living (ADLs) and its importance in the overall rehabilitation of the individual.

Exam

 

75%

100%

4.8.14 Knowledge prescribing exercise using nontraditional exercise modalities (e.g., bench stepping, elastic bands, isodynamic exercise, water aerobics) for individuals with cardiovascular, pulmonary, or metabolic diseases, or those with orthopedic limitations.

Exam

 

75%

100%

4.4.17 Skill in adapting the exercise prescription appropriately in environmental extremes for normal individuals and those with cardiovascular, pulmonary, and metabolic diseases.

Exam

Practicum

Internship

75%

75% Satisfactory

100%

100%

4.6.2 Knowledge and skills necessary for administering an exercise test.

Practical Exam

 

75% of class scoring at or above 90% on practical exam

 

100% of class scored at or above 90%

 

4.1.0.1 Ability to locate anatomic landmarks for palpitation of radial, brachial, carotid, femoral, popliteal, and tibialis arteries.

Practical exam

75%

100%

4.1.0.2 Ability to locate the appropriate sites for the limb and chest leads for resting, standard, and exercise (Mason Likar) electrocardiograms (ECGs), as well as commonly used bipolar systems (e.g., CM-5).

GXT practical, Written exam

90%

100%

4.2.0.1 Ability to describe the physiological effects of bed rest and discuss the appropriate physical activities that might be used to counteract these changes.

Written exam

Case studies

75%

75%

100%

100%

4.2.0.2 Ability to describe the normal and abnormal cardiorespiratory responses at rest and exercise.

Written exam

Lab

75%

90%

100%

83%

4.2.0.3 Ability to describe the principle of specificity of training as it relates to the mode of exercise testing and training.

Written exam

75%

100%

4.2.0.4 Ability to list the cardiorespiratory responses associated with postural changes.

Written exam

75%

100%

4.2.0.6 Ability to describe normal and abnormal chronotropic and inotropic responses to exercise testing and training.

Exam

 

75%

100%

4.2.1.1 Ability to describe the aerobic and anaerobic metabolic demands of exercise for individuals with cardiovascular, pulmonary, and/or metabolic diseases undergoing exercise testing or training and the implications of such exercise.

Exam

 

75%

100%

4.2.1.2 Ability to identify the metabolic equivalent (MET) requirements of various occupational, household, sport/exercise, and leisure time activities.

Exam

 

75%

100%

4.2.2.1 Ability to describe the differences in the physiological responses to various modes of ergometry (e.g., treadmill, cycle and arm ergometers) as they relate to exercise testing and training.

Written exam

75%

100%

4.2.2.2 Ability to discuss the effects of isometric exercise in individuals with cardiovascular, pulmonary, and/or metabolic diseases or with low functional capacity.

Exam

 

75%

100%

4.2.3.1 Ability to explain maximal oxygen (O2) consumption and how it is measured.

Written exam

Lab

75%

90%

100%

83%

4.2.3.2 Ability to list and explain the variables measured during cardiopulmonary exercise testing (e.g., heart rate, blood pressure, rate of perceived exertion, ventilation, oxygen consumption, ventilatory threshold, pulmonary circulation) and their potential relationship to cardiovascular, pulmonary, and metabolic disease.

Lab

Exam

 

90%

75%

83%

100%

4.2.3.3 Ability to list and plot the normal resting and exercise values associated with increasing exercise intensity (and how they may differ for diseased population) for the following: heart rate, stroke volume, cardiac output, double product, arteriovenous O2 difference, O2 consumption, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, minute ventilation, tidal volume, breathing frequency, Vd/Vt, VE/VO2, and VE/VCO2.

Written exam,

Lab

75%

90%

100%

83%

4.3.0.1 Ability to select an appropriate test protocol according to the age and functional capacity of the individual.

Case studies, practical exam

Practicum

75%

90%

90%

100%

100%

100%

4.3.1 Ability to describe the importance of and appropriate methods for resistance training in older individuals.

Exam

 

75%

100%

4.4.0 Ability to risk stratify individuals with cardiovascular, pulmonary, and metabolic diseases, using appropriate materials and understanding the prognostic indicators for high-risk individuals.

Exam

 

75%

100%

4.4.1 Ability to list the effects of cardiovascular, pulmonary, and metabolic diseases on performance and safety during exercise testing and training.

Exam

 

75%

100%

4.4.3 Ability to define myocardial ischemia and ability to identify the methods used to measure ischemic response.

Exam

Written exam, case studies

75%

90%

100%

100%

4.4.4 Ability to describe the cardiorespiratory and metabolic responses in myocardial dysfunction and ischemia at rest and during exercise.

Exam

 

75%

100%

4.4.9 Ability to describe PTCA and other catheter revascularization techniques (e.g., atherectomy, stent placement) as an alternative to medical management or coronary artery bypass surgery (CABS).

Exam

 

75%

100%

4.4.10Ability to demonstrate an understanding of the indications and limitations for medical management and interventional techniques in different subsets of individuals with CAD and CABS.

Exam

 

75%

100%

4.4.11 Ability to describe the cardiorespiratory and metabolic responses that accompany or result from pulmonary diseases at rest and during exercise.

Exam

 

75%

100%

4.4.12 Ability to describe reversible airway (obstructive) and restrictive lung diseases and their effect on exercise testing and training.

Exam

 

75%

100%

4.4.13 Ability to describe the signs and symptoms of peripheral vascular diseases and their effect on exercise.

Exam

 

75%

100%

4.4.14 Ability to describe the metabolic responses at rest and during exercise and potential complications in individuals with type 1 or type 2 diabetes.

Exam

 

75%

100%

4.4.15 Ability to describe the influence of exercise on weight reduction, hyperlipidemia, hypertension, and diabetes.

Exam

 

75%

100%

4.5.0 Ability to identify and explain five behavioral strategies as they apply to lifestyle modifications, such as exercise, diet, stress, and medication management.

Written Exam

75% scoring at or above 80% on exam

100% of students scored above 80%

4.5.1 Ability to describe signs and symptoms of maladjustment and/or failure to cope during an illness crisis and/or personal adjustment crisis (e.g., job loss) that might prompt a psychological consult or referral to other professional services.

Written Exam

75% scoring at or above 80% on exam

100% of students scored above 80%

4.5.2 Ability to describe the general principles of crisis management and factors influencing coping and learning in illness states.

Written Exam

75% scoring at or above 80% on exam

100% of students scored above 80%

4.5.3 Ability to describe the psychological issues to be confronted by the patient and by family members of patients who have cardiorespiratory disease and/or who have had an acute MI or cardiac surgery.

Exam

 

75%

100%

4.6.0.1 Ability to obtain a routine medical history prior to health appraisal and exercise testing.

Practical exam

Exam

 

90%

75%

100%

100%

4.6.0.2 Ability to identify individuals for whom physician supervision is recommended during maximal and submaximal exercise testing.

Case studies

Exam

 

75%

75%

100%

100%

4.6.0.3 Ability to identify appropriate individuals who require exercise testing prior to exercise training.

Case studies

Exam

 

75%

75%

100%

100%

4.6.1.2 Ability to obtain a standard and modified (Mason-Likar) 12-lead ECG on a participant in different body positions.

GXT Practical

90%

100%

4.6.1.3 Ability to minimize resting ECG artifact.

GXT Practical

90%

100%

4.6.1.4 Ability to accurately record a right and left arm blood pressure in different body positions.

Practical exam

GXT Practical

90%

90%

100%

100%

4.6.1.5 Ability to instruct the test participant in the use of the RPE scale and other appropriate subjective scales, such as the dyspnea and angina scales.

Practical exam

Practicum

GXT Practical

90%

100%

4.6.1.6 Ability to gain informed consent.

Practical exam

Written exam, GXT practical

90%

100%

4.6.2.1 Ability to calibrate testing equipment and explain procedures for calibration (e.g., a motor-driven treadmill, mechanical cycle ergometer, arm ergometer, electrocardiograph, and aneroid and mercury sphygmomanometers).

Lab

Written Exam

90%

100%

4.6.2.8 Ability to record, organize, and perform necessary calculations of test data for summary presentation.

Quizzes, case studies, exam

Practicum

GXT practical

90%

100%

4.6.3.1 Ability to provide objective recommendations to an individual regarding such factors as physical conditioning, return to work, and performance of selected activities for daily living (such as driving, stair climbing, sexual activity) based on exercise test results and clinical status.

Case studies

75%

100%

4.6.4.3 Ability to describe silent ischemia and its implications for exercise testing and training.

Exam

Written Exam

75%

90%

100%

100%

4.6.4.5 Ability to explain indications for combining exercise testing with radionuclide imaging.

Exam

Written Exam

75%

90%

100%

100%

4.7.1 Ability to list and describe the use of emergency equipment and personnel that should be present in an exercise testing laboratory and rehabilitative exercise training setting.

Written Exam, GXT practical

90%

100%

4.7.3 Ability to describe emergency procedures that may arise during exercise testing or training, including (but not limited to): Cardiac arrest, Hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia, Bronchospasm, Sudden onset hypotension, Serious (including possibly life-threatening) arrhythmias (VT, Vfib, etc.), ICD discharge, TIA, MI, Coronary thrombosis

Exam

Written exam, GXT practical

75%

90%

100%

100%

4.7.4 Ability to identify the emergency drugs that should be available in exercise testing sessions and training sessions and to describe the mechanisms of action.

Exam

Written Exam

75%

90%

100%

100%

4.7.5 Ability to possess necessary emergency skills similar to or associated with current Advanced Cardiac Life Support (ACLS) policies and procedures.

Exam

Written exam

 

75%

90%

100%

100%

4.8.2 Ability to modify exercise (type of physical activity, intensity, duration, progression) according to the current health status.

Lab, case studies

Exam

 

75%

 

100%

 

4.8.4 Ability to discuss warm-up and cool-down phenomena with specific reference to angina and ischemic ECG changes, arrhythmias, and blood pressure changes, and with general reference to cardiovascular, pulmonary, and metabolic diseases.

Exam

 

75%

100%

4.8.5 Ability to discuss the appropriate use of static and dynamic exercise for individuals with cardiovascular, pulmonary, and metabolic disease.

Exam

 

75%

100%

4.8.7 Ability to discuss modifications in monitoring of exercise intensity for various disease groups (cardiovascular, pulmonary, and metabolic diseases).

Exam

 

75%

100%

4.8.8 Ability to discuss possible adverse responses to exercise in various patient groups (cardiovascular, pulmonary, and metabolic diseases) and what precautions may be taken to prevent them.

Exam

 

75%

100%

4.8.10 Ability to devise a supervised exercise program for the first 6 weeks after hospitalization and for the following 3 months for the following conditions: MI, Angina, Congestive heart failure, PTCA, CABG, Stents and other catheter revascularization techniques, Chronic pulmonary disease, Transplants

Exam

 

75%

100%

4.8.11 Ability to identify characteristics that correlate or predict poor compliance to exercise programs, and strategies to increase exercise adherence.

Exam

 

75%

100%

4.8.12 Ability to identify and describe the role of various allied health professionals and the indications and procedures for referral necessary in a multidisciplinary rehabilitation program.

Exam

 

75%

100%

4.11.2.1 Ability to identify ECG changes that correspond to ischemia in various myocardial regions (e.g., inferior, posterior, anteroseptal, anterior, anterolateral, lateral).

Written exam, case studies

90%

100%

4.11.2.2 Ability to differentiate between Q-wave and non-Q-wave infarction.

Written Exam, Case studies

90%

100%

4.11.2.3 Ability to identify ECG changes that typically occur due to hyperventilation, electrolyte abnormalities, and drug therapy.

Written exam, case studies

90%

100%

4.11.3.3 Ability to identify potentially hazardous arrhythmias or conduction defects observed on the ECG at rest, during exercise, and recovery.

Written Exam, oral arrhythmia exam, GXT practical

90%

100%

4.11.4.0 Ability to identify resting ECG changes associated with diseases other than coronary artery disease (such as hypertensive heart disease, cardiac chamber enlargement, pericarditis, pulmonary disease, metabolic disorders).

Written exam, case studies

90%

100%

4.11.4.1 Ability to identify the significance of important ECG abnormalities in the designation of the exercise prescription and in activity selection.

Written exam, case studies, oral arrhythmia exam

90%

100%

1.1.0 Knowledge of anatomy as it relates to exercise and health.

 

 

 

1.1.0.1 Knowledge of the basic structures of bone, skeletal muscle, and connective tissues.

 

 

 

1.1.0.2 Knowledge of the basic anatomy of the cardiovascular system and respiratory system.

 

 

 

11.0.4 Knowledge of the definition of the following terms: supination, pronation, flexion, extension, adduction, abduction, hyperextension, rotation, circumduction, agonist, antagonist, and stabilizer.

Written exam, laboratory experiences

90%

98%

1.1.1 Knowledge of biomechanical aspects of exercise participation.

Written exam, laboratory experiences

90%

98%

1.1.1.1 Knowledge to identify the plane in which each muscle action occurs.

Written exam, laboratory experiences

90%

98%

1.1.1.2 Knowledge of the interrelationships among center of gravity, base of support, balance, stability, and proper spinal alignment.

Written exam, laboratory experiences

90%

98%

1.1.1.4 Knowledge of and skill to demonstrate exercises designed to enhance muscular strength and/or endurance of specific major muscle groups.

Lab, practical exam

90%

100%

1.1.1.5 Knowledge of and skill to demonstrate exercises for enhancing musculoskeletal flexibility.

Lab, practical exam

90%

100%

1.1.1.6 Knowledge to describe the myotatic stretch reflex.

Written exam

75%

100%

1.1.1.7 Knowledge to identify the primary action and joint range of motion for each major muscle group.

Written exam, laboratory experiences

90%

98%

2.1.0 Knowledge of functional anatomy and biomechanics.

Written exam, laboratory experiences

90%

98%

2.1.0.1 Knowledge of the structure and ability to describe movements for the major joints of the body.

Written exam, laboratory experiences

90%

98%

2.1.1 Knowledge of biomechanical principles that underlie performance of the following activities: walking, jogging, running, swimming, cycling, weight lifting, and carrying or moving objects.

Written exam, laboratory experiences

90%

98%

1.2.0 Basic knowledge of exercise physiology as it relates to exercise prescription.

Written exam

75%

100%

1.2.2 Knowledge of the role of aerobic and anaerobic energy systems in the performance of various activities.

Written exam

75%

100%

1.2.3 Knowledge of the following terms: ischemia, angina pectoris, tachycardia, bradycardia, arrhythmia, myocardial infarction, cardiac output, stroke volume, lactic acid, oxygen consumption, hyperventilation, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, and anaerobic threshold.

Exam

 

75%

100%

1.2.4 Knowledge of the role of carbohydrates, fats, and proteins as fuels for aerobic and anaerobic metabolism.

Written exam, lab

75%

100%

1.2.5 Knowledge of the components of fitness: cardiorespiratory fitness, muscular strength, muscular endurance,

Written exam

75%

100%

1.2.6 Knowledge to describe normal cardiorespiratory responses to static and dynamic exercise in terms of heart rate, blood pressure, and oxygen consumption.

Quiz, written exam, Lab

75%

100%

1.2.7 Knowledge of how heart rate, blood pressure, and oxygen consumption responses change with adaptation to chronic exercise training.

Written exam, Lab

75%

100%

1.2.8 Knowledge of the physiological adaptations associated with strength training.

Written exam

75%

100%

1.2.10 Knowledge of the physiological principles related to warm-up and cool-down.

Written exam

75%

100%

1.2.11 Knowledge of the common theories of muscle fatigue and delayed onset muscle soreness (DOMS).

Written exam

75%

100%

2.2.0 Knowledge of exercise physiology including the role of aerobic and anaerobic metabolism, muscle physiology, cardiovascular physiology, and respiratory physiology at rest and during exercise. In addition, demonstrate an understanding of the components of physical fitness, the effects of aerobic and strength and/or resistance training on the fitness components and the effects of chronic disease.

Written exam

75%

100%

2.2.1 Knowledge of the physiological adaptations that occur at rest and during submaximal and maximal exercise following chronic aerobic and anaerobic exercise training.

Written exam

75%

100%

2.2.2 Knowledge of the differences in cardiorespiratory response to acute graded exercise between conditioned and unconditioned individuals.

Written exam

75%

100%

2.2.3 Knowledge of the structure of the skeletal muscle fiber and the basic mechanism of contraction.

Written exam

75%

100%

2.2.4 Knowledge of the characteristics of fast and slow twitch fibers.

Written exam

75%

100%

2.2.5 Knowledge of the sliding filament theory of muscle contraction.

Written exam

75%

100%

2.2.6 Knowledge of twitch, summation, and tetanus with respect to muscle contraction.

Written exam

75%

100%

2.2.9 Knowledge of the relationship between the number of repetitions, intensity, number of sets, and rest with regard to strength training.

Written exam,

Lab

Practical exam

75%

90%

100%

100%

2.2.10 Knowledge of the basic properties of cardiac muscle and the normal pathways of conduction in the heart.

Exam

Written exam

75%

90%

100%

100%

2.2.11 Knowledge of the response of the following variables to acute exercise: heart rate, stroke volume, cardiac output, pulmonary ventilation, tidal volume, respiratory rate, and arteriovenous oxygen difference.

Written exam

Lab

75%

100%

2.2.12 Knowledge of the differences in the cardiorespiratory responses to static exercise compared with dynamic exercise, including possible hazards and contraindications.

Written exam

Exam

75%

100%

2.2.14 Knowledge of blood pressure responses associated with acute exercise, including changes in body position.

Written exam

Lab

Practcal exam

75%

90%

100%

100%

2.2.15 Knowledge of and ability to describe the implications of ventilatory threshold (anaerobic threshold) as it relates to exercise training and cardiorespiratory assessment.

Written exam

75%

100%

2.2.16 Knowledge of and ability to describe the physiological adaptations of the respiratory system that occur at rest and during submaximal and maximal exercise following chronic aerobic and anaerobic training.

Written exam

75%

100%

2.2.18 Knowledge of and ability to discuss the physiological basis of the major components of physical fitness: flexibility, cardiovascular fitness, muscular strength, muscular endurance, and body composition.

Written Exam

75% scoring at or above 80% on exam

100% of students scored above 80%

1.3.0 Knowledge of the benefits and risks associated with exercise training in prepubescent and postpubescent youth.

Exam

75%

100%

1.3.1 Knowledge of the benefits and precautions associated with resistance and endurance training in older adults.

Exam

75%

100%

2.3.0 Knowledge of the changes that occur during growth and development from childhood to old age.

 

 

 

2.3.0.2 Knowledge of and ability to describe the changes that occur in maturation from childhood to adulthood for the  following: skeletal muscle, bone structure, reaction time, coordination, heat and cold tolerance, maximal oxygen consumption, strength, flexibility, body composition, resting and maximal heart rate, and resting and maximal blood pressure.

 

 

 

2.3.0.3 Knowledge of the effect of the aging process on the musculoskeletal and cardiovascular structure and function at rest, during exercise, and during recovery.

Exam

75%

100%

2.3.0.5 Knowledge of and ability to describe the unique adaptations to exercise training in children, adolescents, and older participants with regard to strength, functional capacity, and motor skills.

Exam

75%

100%

2.3.0.6 Knowledge of common orthopedic and cardiovascular considerations for older participants and the ability to  describe modifications in exercise prescription that are indicated.

Exam

75%

100%

1.4.0 Knowledge of cardiovascular, respiratory, metabolic, and musculoskeletal risk factors that may require further evaluation by medical or allied health professionals before participation in physical activity.

Quizzes, Case studies, Practical exam

75%

100%

1.4.0.2 Knowledge to define the following terms: total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), TC/HDL-C ratio, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), triglycerides, hypertension<, and atherosclerosis.

Quizzes, Case studies, Practical exam

75%

100%

1.4.0.3 Knowledge of plasma cholesterol levels for adults as recommended by the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP II).

Quizzes, Case studies, Practical exam

75%

100%

2.4.0 Knowledge of the pathophysiology of atherosclerosis and how this process is influenced by physical activity.

Exam

 

75%

100%

2.4.1 Knowledge of the risk factor concept of CAD and the influence of heredity and lifestyle on the development of CAD.

Quizzes, Case studies, Practical exam

75%

100%

2.4.2 Knowledge of the atherosclerotic process, the factors involved in its genesis and progression, and the potential role of exercise training in treatment.

Exam

 

75%

100%

2.4.4 Knowledge of cardiovascular risk factors or conditions that may require consultation with medical personnel  before testing or training, including inappropriate changes in resting or exercise heart rate and blood pressure, new onset discomfort in chest, neck, shoulder, or arm, changes in the pattern of discomfort during rest or exercise, fainting or dizzy spells, and claudication.

Quizzes, Case studies, Practical exam

75%

100%

2.4.5 Knowledge of respiratory risk factors or conditions that may require consultation with medical personnel before testing or training, including asthma, exercise-induced bronchospasm, extreme breathlessness at rest or during exercise, bronchitis, and emphysema.

Quizzes, Case studies, Practical exam

75%

100%

2.4.6 Knowledge of metabolic risk factors or conditions that may require consultation with medical personnel before testing or training, including body weight more than 20% above optimal, BMI 1 30, thyroid disease, diabetes or glucose intolerance, and hypoglycemia.

Quizzes, Case studies, Practical exam

75%

100%

2.4.7 Knowledge of musculoskeletal risk factors or conditions that may require consultation with medical personnel before testing or training, including acute or chronic back pain, osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, osteoporosis, tendonitis, and low back pain.

Quizzes, Case studies, Practical exam

75%

100%

1.5.2 Knowledge of specific techniques to enhance motivation (e.g., posters, recognition, bulletin boards, games, competitions). Define extrinsic and intrinsic reinforcement and give examples of each.

Written Exam

75% scoring at or above 80% on exam

100% of students scored above 80%

1.5.3 Knowledge of the stages of motivational readiness.

Written Exam

75% scoring at or above 80% on exam

100% of students scored above 80%

2.5.1 Knowledge of symptoms of anxiety and depression that may necessitate referral.

Written Exam

75% scoring at or above 80% on exam

100% of students scored above 80%

2.5.2 Knowledge of the potential symptoms and causal factors of test anxiety (i.e., performance, appraisal threat during exercise testing) and how it may affect physiological responses to testing.

Written exam, GXT practical

90%

100%

1.6.1 Knowledge of the importance of a health/medical history.

Quizzes, Case studies, Practical exam

75%

100%

1.6.2 Knowledge of the value of a medical clearance prior to exercise participation.

Quizzes, Case studies, Practical exam

75%

100%

2.6.0.13 Knowledge of the advantages/disadvantages and limitations of the various body composition techniques.

Quizzes, Case studies, Practical exam

75%

100%

2.6.0.17 Knowledge of common drugs from each of the following classes of medications and describe the principal action and the effects on exercise testing and prescription: Antianginals, Antihypertensives, Antiarrhythmics, Bronchodilators, Hypoglycemics, Psychotropics, Vasodilators

Exam

Written exam, case studies

75%

90%

100%

100%

1.7.0 Knowledge of and skill in obtaining basic life support and cardiopulmonary resuscitation certification.

 

 

 

1.7.1 Knowledge of appropriate emergency procedures (i.e., telephone procedures, written emergency procedures, personnel responsibilities) in the group exercise setting.

Quizzes, Case studies, Practical exam

75%

100%

1.7.2 Knowledge of basic first aid procedures for exercise-related injuries, such as bleeding, strains/sprains, fractures, and exercise intolerance (dizziness, syncope, heat injury).

Quizzes, Case studies, Practical exam

75%

100%

1.7.3 Knowledge of basic precautions taken in a group exercise setting to ensure participant safety.

Lab, Practical exam

75%

100%

1.7.6 Knowledge of the following terms: shin splints, sprain, strain, tennis elbow, bursitis, stress fracture, tendonitis, patellar femoral pain syndrome, low back pain, plantar fasciitis, and rotator cuff tendonitis.

 

 

 

1.7.8 Knowledge of hypothetical concerns and potential risks that may be associated with the use of exercises such as straight leg sit-ups, double leg raises, full squats, hurdlers stretch, yoga plough, forceful back hyperextension, and standing bent-over toe touch.

Quizzes, Case studies, Practical exam

75%

100%

2.7.1 Knowledge of safety plans, emergency procedures, and first aid techniques needed during fitness  evaluations, exercise testing, and exercise training.

Written exam

90%

100%

2.7.3 Knowledge of the health/fitness instructor's responsibilities, limitations, and the legal implications of carrying out emergency procedures.

Exam

 

75%

100%

2.7.5 Knowledge of the initial management and first aid techniques associated with open wounds, musculoskeletal  injuries, cardiovascular/pulmonary complications, and metabolic disorders.

 

 

 

2.7.6 Knowledge of the components of an equipment maintenance/repair program and how it may be used to evaluate the condition of exercise equipment to reduce the potential risk of injury.

exam

75%

100%

1.8.0 Knowledge of the recommended intensity, duration, frequency, and type of physical activity necessary for development of cardiorespiratory fitness in an apparently healthy population.

Quizzes, Case studies, Practical exam

75%

100%

1.8.3 Knowledge of the principles of overload, specificity, and progression and how they relate to exercise programming.

Quizzes, Case studies, Practical exam

75%

100%

1.8.6 Knowledge of the following terms: progressive resistance, isotonic/isometric, concentric, eccentric, atrophy, hypertrophy, sets, repetitions, plyometrics, Valsalva maneuver.

Quizzes, Case studies, Practical exam

75%

100%

1.8.16 Knowledge to describe the various types of interval, continuous, and circuit training programs.

Quizzes, Case studies, Practical exam

75%

100%

1.8.17 Knowledge to describe various ways a leader can take a position relative to the group to enhance visibility, participant interactions, and communication.

Quizzes, Case studies, Practical exam

75%

100%

1.8.19 Knowledge to describe partner resistance exercises that can be used in a group class setting.

Quizzes, Case studies, Practical exam

75%

100%

1.8.21 Knowledge of the properties of water that affect the design of a  water exercise session.

Quizzes, Case studies, Practical exam

75%

100%

1.8.22 Knowledge of basic music fundamentals, including downbeat, 8 count, and 32 count.

Quizzes, Case studies, Practical exam

75%

100%

1.6.3 Skill to measure pulse rate accurately both at rest and during exercise.

Lab, Practical exam

90%

100%

2.6.0 Knowledge, skills, and abilities to assess the health status of individuals and the ability to conduct fitness testing.

Quizzes, Case studies, Practical exam

75%

100%

2.6.0.7 Skill in instructing participants in the use of equipment and test procedures.

Lab, Practical exam

75%

100%

2.6.0.9 Skill in accurately measuring heart rate, blood pressure, and obtaining rating of perceived exertion (RPE) at rest and during exercise according to established guidelines.

Lab, Practical exam

75%

100%

2.6.0.12 Skill in various techniques of assessing body composition.

Lab, Practical exam

75%

100%

2.6.0.19 Skill in techniques for calibration of a cycle ergometer and a motor-driven treadmill.

Lab, Practical exam

75%

100%

1.7.7 Skill to demonstrate exercises used for people with low back pain.

Exam

 

75%

100%

2.7.0 Skill in demonstrating appropriate emergency procedures during exercise testing and/or training.

Exam

GXT practical

75%

90%

100%

100%

1.8.4 Skill to teach and demonstrate appropriate exercises used in the warm-up and cool-down of a variety of  group exercise classes.

Lab, Practical exam

75%

100%

1.8.7 Skill to teach class participants how to monitor intensity of exercise using heart rate and rating of perceived exertion.

Lab, Practical exam

75%

100%

1.8.8 Skill to teach participants how to use RPE and heart rate to adjust the intensity of the exercise session.

Lab, Practical exam

75%

100%

1.8.10 Skill to teach and demonstrate appropriate modifications in specific exercises for the following groups: older adults, pregnant and postnatal women, obese persons, and persons with low back pain.

Exam

 

75%

100%

1.8.13 Skill to teach and demonstrate appropriate exercises for improving range of motion of all major joints.

Lab, Practical exam

75%

100%

1.8.23 Skill to effectively use verbal and nonverbal cues in the group exercise setting, including anticipatory, motivational, safety, and educational.

Lab, Practical exam

75%

100%

1.8.24 Skill to demonstrate the proper form, alignment, and technique in typical exercises used in the warm-up

Lab, Practical exam

75%

100%

1.1.0.3 Ability to identify the major bones and muscles. Major muscles include, but are not limited to, the following: trapezius, pectoralis major, latissimus dorsi, biceps, triceps,< rectus abdominis, internal and external obliques, erector spinae, gluteus maximus, quadriceps, hamstrings, adductors, abductors, and gastrocnemius.

 

 

 

1.1.0.5 Ability to identify the joints of the body.

 

 

 

1.1.1.3 Ability to describe the following curvatures of the spine: lordosis, scoliosis, and kyphosis.

Written exam, laboratory experiences

90%

98%

2.1.0.2 Ability to locate the anatomic landmarks for palpation of peripheral pulses.

Lab, Practical exam

75%

100%

2.1.0.3 Ability to locate the brachial artery and correctly place the cuff and stethoscope in position for blood pressure measurement.

Lab, Practical exam

75%

100%

2.1.0.4 Ability to locate common sites for measurement of skinfold thicknesses and circumferences (for determination of body composition and waist-hip ratio).

Lab, Practical exam

75%

100%

1.2.1 Ability to define aerobic and anaerobic metabolism.

Written exam

75%

100%

1.2.9 Ability to identify and apply to both groups and individuals methods used to monitor exercise intensity, including heart rate and rating of perceived exertion.

Lab, Practical exam

75%

100%

2.2.7 Ability to discuss the physiological principles involved in promoting gains in muscular strength and endurance.

Lab, Practical exam

75%

100%

2.2.8 Ability to define muscular fatigue as it relates to task, intensity, duration, and the accumulative effects of exercise.

Written exam

75%

100%

2.2.13 Ability to describe how each of the following differs from the normal condition: premature atrial contractions and premature ventricular contractions.

Exam

Written exam, oral arrhythmia exam

75%

90%

100%

100%

2.2.17 Ability to describe how each of the following differs from the normal condition: dyspnea, hypoxia, and hypoventilation.

Exam

 

75%

100%

2.2.19 Ability to explain how the principle of specificity relates to the components of fitness.

Lab, Practical exam

75%

100%

2.2.20 Ability to explain the concept of detraining or reversibility of conditioning and its implications in fitness programs.

Lab, Practical exam

75%

100%

2.2.21 Ability to discuss the physical and psychological signs of overtraining and to provide recommendations for these problems.

Written Exam

75% scoring at or above 80% on exam

100% of students scored above 80%

2.2.22 Ability to describe the physiological and metabolic responses to exercise associated with chronic disease (heart disease, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and pulmonary disease).

Exam

 

75%

100%

1.3.2 Ability to describe specific leadership techniques appropriate for working with participants of all ages.

Lab, Practical exam

75%

100%

2.3.0.1 Ability to modify cardiovascular and resistance exercises based on age and physical condition.

Exam

 

75%

100%

2.3.0.4 Ability to characterize the differences in the development of an exercise prescription for children, adolescents, and older participants.

Exam

 

75%

100%

1.4.0.1 Ability to determine those risk factors that may be favorably modified by physical activity habits.

Exam

 

75%

100%

2.4.3 Ability to discuss in detail how lifestyle factors, including nutrition, physical activity, and heredity, influence lipid  and lipoprotein profiles.

Exam

 

75%

100%

3.4.0 Ability to define atherosclerosis, the factors causing it, and the interventions that may potentially delay or reverse the atherosclerotic process.

Exam

 

75%

100%

1.5.0 Ability to identify and define at least five behavioral strategies to enhance exercise and health behavior change  (i.e., reinforcement, goal setting, social support).

Written Exam

75% scoring at or above 80% on exam

100% of students scored above 80%

1.5.1 Ability to list and define the five important elements that should be included in each counseling session.

Written Exam

75% scoring at or above 80% on exam

100% of students scored above 80%

1.5.4 Ability to list and describe three counseling approaches that may assist less motivated clients to increase their physical activity.

Written Exam

75% scoring at or above 80% on exam

100% of students scored above 80%

2.5.0 Ability to list and describe the specific strategies aimed at encouraging the initiation, adherence, and return to participation in an exercise program.

Exam

 

75%

100%

2.6.0.1 Ability to obtain a health history and risk appraisal that includes past and current medical history, family history of cardiac disease, orthopedic limitations, prescribed medications, activity patterns, nutritional habits, stress and anxiety levels, and smoking and alcohol use.

Lab, Practical exam

75%

100%

2.6.0.2 Ability to describe the categories of participants who should receive medical clearance prior to administration of an exercise test or participation in an exercise program.

Exam

 

75%

100%

2.6.0.3 Ability to identify relative and absolute contraindications to exercise testing or participation.

Exam

GXT practical, written exam

75%

90%

100%

100%

2.6.0.4 Ability to discuss the limitations of informed consent and medical clearance prior to exercise testing.

Quiz

75%

100%

2.6.0.5 Ability to obtain informed consent.

Lab, Practical exam

75%

100%

2.6.0.6 Ability to explain the purpose and procedures for monitoring clients prior to, during, and after cardiorespiratory  fitness testing.

Lab, Practical exam

75%

100%

2.6.0.8 Ability to describe the purpose of testing, select an appropriate submaximal or maximal protocol, and conduct an assessment of cardiovascular fitness on the cycle ergometer or the treadmill.

Lab, Practical exam

75%

100%

2.6.0.10 Ability to locate and measure skinfold sites, skeletal diameters, and girth measurements used for estimating body composition.

Lab, Practical exam

75%

100%

2.6.0.11 Ability to describe the purpose of testing, select appropriate protocols, and conduct assessments of muscular strength, muscular endurance, and flexibility.

Lab, Practical exam

75%

100%

2.6.0.14 Ability to interpret information obtained from the cardiorespiratory fitness test and the muscular strength and  endurance, flexibility, and body composition assessments for apparently healthy individuals and those with stable disease.

Exam

 

75%

100%

2.6.0.15 Ability to identify appropriate criteria for terminating a fitness evaluation and demonstrate proper procedures to  be followed after discontinuing such a test.

GXT practical, written exam

90%

100%

2.6.0.16 Ability to modify protocols and procedures for cardiorespiratory fitness tests in children, adolescents, and older  adults.

Exam

 

75%

100%

1.7.4 Ability to identify the physical and physiological signs and symptoms of overtraining.

Written exam

75%

100%

1.7.5 Ability to list the effects of temperature, humidity, altitude, and pollution on the physiological response to exercise.

Written exam

75%

100%

2.7.2 Ability to identify the components that contribute to the maintenance of a safe environment.

exam

75%

100%

2.7.4 Ability to describe potential musculoskeletal injuries (e.g., contusions, sprains, strains, fractures), cardiovascular/pulmonary complications (e.g., tachycardia, bradycardia, hypotension/hypertension, tachypnea) and metabolic abnormalities (e.g., fainting/syncope, hypoglycemia/hyperglycemia, hypothermia/hyperthermia).

Exam

Written exam, GXT practical

75%

90%

100%

100%

1.8.1 Ability to differentiate between the amount of physical activity required for health benefits and the amount of exercise required for fitness development.

Lab, Practical exam

75%

100%

1.8.2 Ability to describe exercises designed to enhance muscular strength and/or endurance of specific major muscle groups.

Lab, Practical exam

75%

100%

1.8.5 Ability to teach the components of an exercise session (i.e., warm-up, aerobic stimulus phase, cool-down, muscular strength/endurance, flexibility).

Lab, Practical exam

75%

100%

1.8.9 Ability to calculate training heart rates using two methods: percent of age-predicted maximum heart rate and heart rate reserve (Karvonen).

Lab, Practical exam

75%

100%

1.8.11 Ability to recognize proper and improper technique in the use of resistive equipment such as stability balls, weights, bands, resistance bars, and water exercise equipment.

Lab, Practical exam

75%

100%

1.8.12 Ability to recognize proper and improper technique in the use of cardiovascular conditioning equipment  (e.g., steps, cycles, slides).

Lab, Practical exam

75%

100%

1.8.14 Ability to modify exercises in the group setting for apparently healthy persons of various fitness levels.

Lab, Practical exam

75%

100%

1.8.15 Ability to teach a progression of exercises for all major muscle groups to improve muscular strength and  endurance.

Lab, Practical exam

75%

100%

1.8.18 Ability to communicate effectively with exercise participants in the group exercise session.

Exam

 

75%

100%

1.8.20 Ability to demonstrate techniques for accommodating various fitness levels within the same class.

Lab, Practical exam

75%

100%